ECOLOGICAL NICHE MODELLING OF LEPTOSPIROSIS AS A CONTRIBUTOR FOR STRENGTHENING HEALTH RESILIENCE IN PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM

Abstract

Model implementation of health programs and commitment to build human resilience are closely related.  The ecological niche modeling (ENM) of leptospirosis could build an integrated public health system.  This study attempted to describe the relationship between leptospirosis risk factor control programs and the environmental science approach.  The ENM of leptospirosis was employed as the main method followed by extracting information related to alternative control efforts.  Natural, built, and social environment variables were employed as proxies for the indicators.  The results showed that each area had distinctive characteristics.  Moreover, natural environmental factors in almost all areas studied could significantly predict the distribution of leptospirosis.  A study in Demark has revealed that natural environmental factors were quite dominant.  Meanwhile, a study in Boyolali has shown that the natural environmental factor contributed the most to the density of vegetation.  The biggest contributing factor to the built-environmental factor was the use of land.  In Semarang City, natural environmental factors with the biggest contribution were vegetation density and maximum temperature.  Meanwhile, in Ponorogo, the natural environmental factor with the biggest contribution was the density of vegetation.  Meanwhile, the contributing-built environment factors were land use and distance to major rivers.  This study has also found that social factors insignificantly contributed to these four areas.  This study concluded that a broad multidisciplinary-scientific study should consider the local wisdom of each region to build community resilience against outbreaks before and after the recovery.