INCIDENCE OF PERITONITIS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN CHILDREN RECEIVING CONTINUOUS AMBULATORY PERITONEAL DIALYSIS: A RETROSPECTVE SURVEY IN A HOSPITAL IN NORTHEASTERN THAILAND (2007-2016)

Pathariya Bannalai, Sunee Panombaulert and Suwannee Wisanuyotin

Abstract

Chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a preferable dialysis modality for children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, peritonitis is a common and serious complication of PD. Incidence of peritonitis and associated factors in children receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen, a tertiary care hospital in northeast Thailand were evaluated in a retrospective cohort study by reviewing medical records of 39 ESRD patients (26 males and 13 females) aged under 18 years who underwent CAPD between 2007 and 2016. Twenty-two patients had 60 episodes of peritonitis, one episode (excluding relapsing peritonitis) every 19.57 patient-months (0.05 episode/patient-month). Staphylococcus epidermidis (25%) and Enterobacter spp (15%) were the most common Gram-positive and Gram-negative causative organism respectively. Dialysis duration >12 months is significantly associated with PD peritonitis (adjusted odds ratio = 22.03, p-value = 0.009). Fifty-nine percent of patients underwent PD catheter removal due to peritonitis and 14% had permanent change in dialysis modality to chronic hemodialysis. In conclusion, bacterial peritonitis in children receiving CAPD remains a critical problem and leads to peritoneal dialysis failure.