INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE PREVALENCE OF DENGUE VECTORS IN MALAYSIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Abstract

A comprehensive understanding of insecticide resistance in dengue vectors is crucial, especially given the increasing global incidence of dengue.  This concern underscores the need to assess the resistance status of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, the vectors responsible for transmitting the virus.  In Malaysia, chemical-based insecticides remain the primary intervention for prevention efforts.  Preventing the failure of these interventions requires an understanding of the prevalence of insecticide resistance.  To provide an overview of resistance reported in Aedes mosquitoes, this review analyzed the reported resistance status of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in Malaysian Aedes mosquitoes from 30 eligible studies published from 2005 to 2022.  The resistance and susceptibility trends were analyzed according to location, insecticide class and over time, revealing widespread resistance of Ae. aegypti to deltamethrin, malathion and permethrin, the insecticides most studied.  On the other hand, Ae. albopictus exhibits variable susceptibility trends to these insecticides, with resistance to the carbamates and organochlorines being more pronounced than in Ae. aegypti.  A meta-analysis with a random-effect model was also conducted to assess publication bias.  Substantial variations were noted, possibly due to the sampling methods and number of samples screened, but the results confirm the abovementioned conclusions.  The data obtained from the literature review will help fill the gaps in knowledge of the insecticidal susceptibility status of Aedes mosquitoes in Malaysia.